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<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=4 color=red face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:red;font-weight:bold'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=4 color=red face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:red;font-weight:bold'>A Weapon
of Mass Destruction in the Arsenal of the Structural Engineer?<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font face=Arial><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font face=Arial><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=2 face=Arial><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>As with the military
equivalent, the Structural Engineer’s own WMD is too little understood
and there is all too often a tendency for it to be used freely by people who do
not fully appreciate the possible dangers.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font face=Arial><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=2 face=Arial><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Finite Element Analysis
has been around for some 40 years, and has been the primary tool in engineering
some magnificent projects, but has also – inadvertently – been
responsible for some spectacular failures!<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font face=Arial><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=2 face=Arial><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>As with any tool, the
proper use of FEA requires a thorough understanding. The question is what is
it that has to be understood? Opinions seem to vary…<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font face=Arial><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=2 face=Arial><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Academia will teach you
the theory of Finite Element Analysis, and if you pay attention you will come
away from a university course with a thorough understanding of stiffness
matrices, matrix inversions, Barlow and Gauss points, Cholesky decomposition and
a myriad of other very technical names and procedures! But you will be little
closer to using FEA correctly as an engineering tool than you were before you
wrote your cheque for the course fees.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font face=Arial><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=2 face=Arial><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>After you have given
Academia their opportunity, you may go on other courses – including
courses offered by software houses marketing FEA programmes. This will teach
you shortcuts on how to create a FE model, how to produce colour pictures of
stresses, strains, forces and moments. You will become an expert in
pre-processing and a post-processor of renown. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font face=Arial><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=2 face=Arial><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>But - you still will not
be an effective (or safe) FEA designer.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font face=Arial><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=2 face=Arial><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>FEA is full of pitfalls
that await the overconfident and unwary, and you can either learn these by
trial and error (and error is where the WMD analogy might just come true), or
you can spend a few days learning how to correctly use this remarkable tool.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font face=Arial><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><u><font size=2 face=Arial><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>“The Application of
the Finite Element Method in Practice” is one of those rare technical
courses in which every aspect is of practical use.</span></font></u><font
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-family:Arial'> It is a course that was
first presented more than twenty years ago and which has undergone a continuing
process of development and improvement by the author and presenter, Roland
Prukl. Mr Prukl first became involved in Finite Element Analysis shortly after
the method was developed, and has become an authority on the subject. His
knowledge not only extends to the theory of FEA, but more importantly to the
practical application. Over many years he has learned where the pitfalls are
(and they are numerous), how a structure is most effectively modelled (and
why), how to analyse and interpret the output, and how to watching for the
indicators that tell you that you have realistic answers or a questionable
model. Mr. Prukl also found over the years many serious errors in a number of
well known finite element programs.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font face=Arial><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=2 color=red
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:red'>Roland Prukl’s course, which has also been presented in Europe
and in <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">Australia</st1:country-region></st1:place>,
is the only one currently available that guides and helps the structural
engineer in using this design tool, and is essential for anyone who uses FEA
– or who is managing a design team in which FEA is used. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=2 color=red
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:red'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=2 color=red
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:red'>This <u>one-week course</u> has been validated for Continuing
Professional Development in terms of the requirements by the Engineering
Council of South Africa (ECSA) – No. SAICEstr06/00018/08 and participants
will receive 5 credit points.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font face=Arial><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:black'>Details of the course can be found on <a
href="http://www.finiteelements.net/"><font color=black><span style='color:
black'>www.FiniteElements.Net</span></font></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:black'>To register for the course, please contact Susie Muller at MFT
Computing<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:black'>(083) 294-4771 or <a href="mailto:mftcomputing@global.co.za"><font
color=black><span style='color:black'>mftcomputing@global.co.za</span></font></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial;
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<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:black'>Failure of a silo support structure due to bad detailing of the
connection between two steel beams. Had this detail been properly analysed it
would have revealed that the factor of safety against buckling was only 0.19. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial;
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<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:black'>After a few relatively minor modifications the factor of safety
was raised to 2.83.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial;
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face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=2 color=black
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=4 color=black
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:black'>Course dates for 2009<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0
style='margin-left:4.65pt;border-collapse:collapse'>
<tr height=48 style='height:36.0pt'>
<td width=116 height=48 bgcolor="#00CCFF" style='width:86.9pt;border:solid black 1.5pt;
background:#00CCFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:36.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><font size=4
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:Arial;
font-weight:bold'>Town</span></font></b><b><font size=4 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'><o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
</td>
<td width=293 height=48 bgcolor="#00CCFF" style='width:219.85pt;border:solid black 1.5pt;
border-left:none;background:#00CCFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:36.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><font size=4
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:Arial;
font-weight:bold'>Venue</span></font></b><b><font size=4 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'><o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
</td>
<td width=108 height=48 bgcolor="#00CCFF" style='width:81.0pt;border:solid black 1.5pt;
border-left:none;background:#00CCFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:36.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><font size=4
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:Arial;
font-weight:bold'>From</span></font></b><b><font size=4 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'><o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
</td>
<td width=108 height=48 bgcolor="#00CCFF" style='width:81.0pt;border:solid black 1.5pt;
border-left:none;background:#00CCFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:36.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><font size=4
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:Arial;
font-weight:bold'>To</span></font></b><b><font size=4 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'><o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr height=40 style='height:30.0pt' style='height:30.0pt !msorm'>
<td width=116 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:86.9pt;border:solid black 1.5pt;
border-top:none;background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;border:solid black 1.5pt !msorm;
border-top:none !msorm;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt !msorm;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City
w:st="on"><font size=2 face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Johannesburg</span></font></st1:City></st1:place><font
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
<td width=293 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:219.85pt;border-top:
none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt;
background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;border-top:none !msorm;
border-left:none !msorm;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt !msorm;border-right:
solid black 1.5pt !msorm;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt !msorm;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=2
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Murray
& Roberts (Bedfordview)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
<td width=108 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:81.0pt;border-top:
none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt;
background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;border-top:none !msorm;
border-left:none !msorm;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt !msorm;border-right:
solid black 1.5pt !msorm;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt !msorm;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=2
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>2009-02-14<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
<td width=108 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:81.0pt;border-top:
none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt;
background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;border-top:none !msorm;
border-left:none !msorm;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt !msorm;border-right:
solid black 1.5pt !msorm;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt !msorm;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=2
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>2009-02-20<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr height=40 style='height:30.0pt'>
<td width=116 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:86.9pt;border:solid black 1.5pt;
border-top:none;background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City
w:st="on"><font size=2 face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Johannesburg</span></font></st1:City></st1:place><font
size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
<td width=293 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:219.85pt;border-top:
none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt;
background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=2
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Murray
& Roberts (Bedfordview)</span></font><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
<td width=108 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:81.0pt;border-top:
none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt;
background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=2
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>2009-02-28</span></font><font
size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
<td width=108 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:81.0pt;border-top:
none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt;
background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=2
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>2009-03-06</span></font><font
size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr height=40 style='height:30.0pt'>
<td width=116 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:86.9pt;border:solid black 1.5pt;
border-top:none;background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City
w:st="on"><font size=2 face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Johannesburg</span></font></st1:City></st1:place><font
size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
<td width=293 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:219.85pt;border-top:
none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt;
background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=2
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Murray
& Roberts (Bedfordview)</span></font><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
<td width=108 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:81.0pt;border-top:
none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt;
background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=2
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>2009-06-06</span></font><font
size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
<td width=108 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:81.0pt;border-top:
none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt;
background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=2
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>2009-06-12</span></font><font
size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr height=40 style='height:30.0pt'>
<td width=116 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:86.9pt;border:solid black 1.5pt;
border-top:none;background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City
w:st="on"><font size=2 face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Cape Town</span></font></st1:City></st1:place><font
size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
<td width=293 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:219.85pt;border-top:
none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt;
background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceType
w:st="on"><font size=2 face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Cape</span></font></st1:PlaceType><font face=Arial><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-family:Arial'> <st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Technikon</st1:PlaceName></span></font></st1:place><font
size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
<td width=108 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:81.0pt;border-top:
none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt;
background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=2
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>2009-07-04</span></font><font
size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
<td width=108 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:81.0pt;border-top:
none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt;
background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=2
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>2009-07-10</span></font><font
size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr height=40 style='height:30.0pt'>
<td width=116 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:86.9pt;border:solid black 1.5pt;
border-top:none;background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City
w:st="on"><font size=2 face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Durban</span></font></st1:City></st1:place><font size=3
face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
<td width=293 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:219.85pt;border-top:
none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt;
background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=2
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>To be
announced</span></font><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
<td width=108 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:81.0pt;border-top:
none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt;
background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=2
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>2009-08-15</span></font><font
size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
<td width=108 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:81.0pt;border-top:
none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt;
background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=2
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>2009-08-21</span></font><font
size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr height=40 style='height:30.0pt'>
<td width=116 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:86.9pt;border:solid black 1.5pt;
border-top:none;background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City
w:st="on"><font size=2 face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Johannesburg</span></font></st1:City></st1:place><font
size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
<td width=293 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:219.85pt;border-top:
none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt;
background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=2
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Murray
& Roberts (Bedfordview)</span></font><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
<td width=108 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:81.0pt;border-top:
none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt;
background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=2
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>2009-11-07</span></font><font
size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
<td width=108 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:81.0pt;border-top:
none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt;
background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=2
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>2009-11-13</span></font><font
size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr height=40 style='height:30.0pt'>
<td width=116 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:86.9pt;border:solid black 1.5pt;
border-top:none;background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City
w:st="on"><font size=2 face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Johannesburg</span></font></st1:City></st1:place><font
size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
<td width=293 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:219.85pt;border-top:
none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt;
background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=2
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Murray
& Roberts (Bedfordview)</span></font><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
<td width=108 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:81.0pt;border-top:
none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt;
background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=2
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>2009-12-05</span></font><font
size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
<td width=108 height=40 bgcolor="#CCFFFF" style='width:81.0pt;border-top:
none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt;
background:#CCFFFF;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:30.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=2
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>2009-12-11</span></font><font
size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=2 face=Arial><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'> </span></font><font
face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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